Effects of Artificial Intelligence in Society
Question
I plan to investigate if Artificial Intelligence will bring more goods than harm to our society. I plan to analyze how Artificial Intelligence impacts our society. I will also examine it from the perspective of proponents and anti-Artificial Intelligence groups. I plan to find out what causes such a great controversy between proponents and anti-Artificial Intelligence groups. Will Artificial Intelligence bring Us Convenience? Can Artificial Intelligence replace humans?
Guidelines:
-Must include a work cited page at the end of your paper (on a separate sheet), and not to be included as part of your 8-10 written pages.
-Include at least 8 academic sources.
-The research paper should follow the APA format.


Solution
Effects
of Artificial Intelligence in Society
Internet and Technology are changing
the way organizations view efficiency in their operations. The emergence of
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is among the many transformations that have taken
place in the world, shaping human activities (Panch, Szolovits, & Aatun,
2018). The manufacturing sector is among the greatest beneficiaries of AI
technology. Using AI has significantly increased efficiency and reduced human
error by producing goods and materials. Organizations can now use code-driven
systems to improve their capabilities and production capacities (Agrawal, Gans,
& Goldfarb, 2019). Every organization connected to information technology
is gradually adopting AI in its production and operations. The rise of AI has
exposed many companies to previously unimagined opportunities and unprecedented
threats (Kanzode & Sarode, 2020). As some organizations benefit from the
efficiency brought by AI employees, they remain on the verge of losing their
jobs. Generally, the debate over the effects of AI systems has continued to
elicit mixed reactions from various experts.
Companies depended on human expertise
to operate and maintain their machines. Many companies hire the most competent
people to oversee the operations of their systems. However, today, many
companies’ systems are controlled by machines and computers that have been
simulated. The use of computers to execute specific tasks in organizations
seems to match and outdo human intelligence (Duan, Edwards, & Dwivedi,
2019). AI helps organizations in complex decisions where sophisticated
algorithms are involved. The health care sector has also experienced definite
transformation thanks to the development of AI systems. Some sections such as
surgery and transplants have evolved to the extent that little human
intervention is required (Von Krogh, 2018). Machines have been programmed to
perform similar operations as humans could but with much greater efficiency.
Code-driven operations and surgical services have made intensive care services
faster and more effective.
Artificial intelligence has changed
how computers and machines are used to perform particular operations in various
sectors of the economy. Machines and computers receive instructions that
program them to operate and think like humans (Vinuesa et al., 2020). AI
exhibits traits that are associated with human minds as decision-making and
problem-solving. Examples of AI used in everyday life include chatbots,
autocorrect, google maps, face detection and recognition, robots, and e-payment
systems (Thiebes, Lins, & Sunyaey, 2021). All types of AI systems operate
under three broad categories of cognitive aspects: learning, reasoning, and
self-correction processes. The continuous use of AI is gradually replacing
human involvement in the day-to-day operations of various organizations (Panch
et al., 2018). Therefore, the adoption of AI in business, manufacturing, and
healthcare exhibit accrued benefits and pose some risks to human lives.
Positive
Effects of AI in Society
The use of AI systems can make the
lives of humans better than it has been for years. Humans are involved in
designing AI to ensure that it solves their needs (Von Krogh, 2018). However,
human minds and involvement in production and operations in various
organizations have been associated with some errors that make it challenging to
achieve perfection. The use of AI is geared towards eliminating errors and
increasing efficiency. Generally, AI systems in society result in new
inventions, unbiased decisions, reduction in human error, and digital
assistance.
New
Inventions
Life is full of complexities and
challenges that require strategic approaches to establish solutions. The use of
AI provides solutions to various sectors such as manufacturing, banking, and
healthcare (Bhbosale, Pujari, & Multani, 2020). For example, the healthcare
sector has struggled with predicting the early stages of breast cancer. The
adoption of AI systems has made it easy for doctors to detect the early stages
of breast tumors. AI has transformed the banking sector since most physical
contacts that had been a few decades ago are no longer there. The development
of e-payment systems has enabled customers to deposit funds in their accounts
without patronizing the bank (Khanzode & Sarode, 2020). Customers’ queries
can also be addressed online due to AI systems that facilitate a robotic form
of communication.
Additionally, AI has contributed to
new inventions in the manufacturing sector with the emergence of self-driven
vehicles. Passengers can travel to destinations of their choice with a car
without a driver yet have zero risks of accidents. Human lives have been made
comfortable due to AI systems that have led to tremendous innovations (Theibes
et al., 2021). Therefore, increased innovations due to AI adoption have made
society a better place to live. Generally, solutions to various challenges that
humans struggled with decades ago have been found with the emergence of AI
systems. The future is expected to be better with the evolution of AI systems
worldwide.
Unbiased
Decisions
Using machines and computers for decision-making
is more effective than using humans. AI systems depend on code-driven
instructions that direct their actions, unlike humans, that are driven by
feelings and emotions. Decisions made by AI systems are void of affiliation and
influence from any quarter like humans that can easily be manipulated (Agrawal
et al., 2019). AI systems ensure accurate decisions since they do not have any
biased views. Society benefits from AI systems when crucial decisions about
problems people experience are concerned. When there is a need to decide on a
practical solution, AI will ensure that its decisions meet everyone’s
expectations. AI system for decision-making is practical and rational in its
approach, unlike humans that depend on other people’s views and perceptions
(Vinuesa et al., 2020). Generally, AI is the most effective tool for complex
decision-making processes where accuracy and unbiasedness are required.
Reduced
Human Errors
In most cases, many systems operated
using human knowledge are found with errors that make them unreliable. Human
activities must undergo several verification processes for their quality and
standards to be approved (Bhbosale et al., 2020). AI system has been programmed
for accuracy and precisions that most errors associated with human efforts get
eliminated. Machines and computers used in AI systems have been fed with
specific instructions that they must execute at every moment (Von Krogh, 2018).
Decisions made by AI systems are predetermined and based on previous data. An
AI system is a logical algorithm set to perform a specific task. For example,
robotics designed for surgery only carry out commands about surgery without
diverting to other activities. The precision with which AI systems perform the
results of their operations is more effective and accurate than humans.
Generally, the AI system has been
designed to reason like the human mind, but its outcomes are void of errors.
The Healthcare sector is among areas in society that high level of accuracy is
expected (Panch et al., 2018). For example, doctors screening cancer patients
are expected to produce accurate results that will get used to initiating
treatments for the patients. When there is an error in screening, the doctors
could perform the wrong diagnosis that harms the patients’ health (Khanzode
& Sarode, 2020). Therefore, AI systems guarantee effectiveness in the
patients’ screening, leading to correct treatment. The use of AI systems has
reduced human errors in the healthcare sector and other areas such as hotel
service, e-payment, manufacturing, and banking.
Digital
Assistance
In the past two decades, many
organizations experienced crowding in their customer care areas where their
clients lined up to inquire on one issue or the other (Duan et al., 2019). They
required many staffs to handle many customers at their business premises. For
example, before the advancement of Technology, most banks received customers in
their numbers in their banking halls seeking various services. Many customers
got disappointed since the queues were too long to behold. However, the
development of AI systems has enabled banks to establish digital assistances to
handle customers’ inquiries from the comfort of their homes. The emergence of
the AI system has transformed customer services in many organizations more than
how they used to be several years ago (Agrawal et al., 2019). Organizations
have minimized the need for human resources since they can use chatbots to
answer specific inquiries made by customers.
Digital assistants are tools that
have replaced human involvement in some significant operations for some
organizations. For example, Chatbots can answer specific questions customers
ask at different times of the day. The adoption of AI systems has enabled
people to get round-the-clock services from their key organizations (Agrawal et
al., 2019). Before the invention of the AI system, many companies operated only
during office hours. However, operations have changed significantly due to technological
innovations. Organizations and society have benefited alike since they reduce
physical interaction time and save time and resources through digital
assistance.
Adverse
Effects of AI in Society
Humans have been the masterminds of
many operations in organizations. The need for human resources was driven by
the number of services organizations required to provide for their customers
(Duan et al., 2019). Hospitals employed more surgeons to handle various
surgical issues per time. Manufacturing companies involve several employees in
various departments of their organizations. Many people that acquired academic
certifications got opportunities to explore their potential. However, the
emergence of AI systems has changed various operations patterns to the extent
that most organizations do not require human resources (Bhbosale et al., 2020).
Generally, the emergence of AI intelligence has brought harm to society in
equal measure as it has brought good.
The
rise in Unemployment Rate
Before introducing the AI system,
many organizations depended on human labor to succeed in their operations.
Employees were a great pillar of any organization since their organization’s
productivity depended on their skills and expertise (Agrawal et al., 2019).
However, the emergence of the AI system in many organizations has rendered many
people jobless. Some tasks that required human interference have been replaced
with robotics. AI system is programmed to enable machines and computers to
reason like humans (Vinuesa et al., 2020). For example, advanced manufacturing
organizations no longer use human engineers to design and production
operations. Instead, they use robots with specific instructions about every
component of production. Employees have been reduced to mere spectators as
their skills are no longer necessary for the company.
AI system works similarly to humans
to imply that whatever a human could have done is performed by a machine.
Society is struggling with unemployment due to inventions that have taken over
human jobs (Duan et al., 2019). The unemployment rate is rising among the
graduates, which is causing them frustration as some of them resort to crime
for survival. Many companies have not allowed any room for humans to work
alongside machines and computers as robots control everything (Thiebes et al.,
2021). Therefore, as companies advance their course in AI systems for their
operations, the unemployment rate will soon be a nightmare in society.
Loss
of Creativity
AI systems depend on specific
programs that predetermine data to operate. Every AI system gets designed to
handle a specific task per time such that it cannot think outside the box
(Vinuesa et al., 2020). Therefore, AI systems cannot be creative about
approaching particular challenges when decision-making is required.
Organizations may get forced to spend more than their budget when they need to
use different AI systems when the current one fails to solve diverse challenges
(Panch et al., 2018). In addition, employees that work along the AI system will
be rendered dull since they cannot think without following the actions of
robots or chatbots they are using. Therefore, AI systems undermine creativity
since new ideas cannot be inserted within a predetermined program used by
machines and computers.
Increased
Costs
Creating a machine or a computer
system that could simulate human minds might be an uphill task for many
organizations. Developing an AI system requires plenty of time and resources
that many organizations might not have at the moment (Von Krogh et al., 2018).
The high cost of adopting an AI system is likely to leave some companies in
disadvantaged positions. The companies will find it challenging to compete with
technologically oriented companies dealing in the same line of products (Khanzode
& Sarode, 2020). There will be unfair competition since some companies
possess a competitive advantage over others. Society might challenge choosing
goods produced by a techno-based company over others that use manual systems.
Additionally, the adoption of AI
systems requires sophisticated software and hardware that many companies may
not be able to afford. Technological advancements keep evolving to mean that
organizations will continuously require new systems to stay afloat (Bhbosale et
al., 2020). The need to stay updated with the latest technologies will require
organizations to spend extra than what they have budgeted for in their
financial estimations. Generally, adopting and implementing AI systems is
costly and reflects the increased costs of goods and services in society.
Loss
of Decision-making Role
Society is used to people
deliberating on various challenges to get an amicable solution. Humans working
in an organization can suggest various approaches to solving a particular
challenge (Von Krogh, 2018). However, the AI system uses predetermined data for
decision-making. The continuous use of AI systems for decision-making will
imply that humans will lose control over their lives. Society will depend on
code-driven decisions where people lack the opportunity to add their input
(Duan et al., 2019). There will be many sacrifices over independence,
authority, and privacy since humans have no control over any process (Bhbosale
et al., 2020). The continuous use of AI systems for decision-making will erase
the human existence as decision-makers about various issues facing their lives.
Therefore, the loss of
decision-making roles will increase the chances of data abuse as AI systems do
not incorporate values and ethics. Some decisions made by AI systems might
further erosion of sociopolitical structures in society (Duan et al., 2019). In
addition, there is potential for loss of lives due to increased automation of
systems. For example, the accelerated growth of automated military applications
is likely to destabilize human groups. Conclusively, the loss of
decision-making roles will erode the ability of humans to think for themselves.
Conclusion
The emergence of AI systems in
society has benefited human activities and harm in equal measures. Machines and
computers used as tools of AI have been programmed to think and act like human
minds. For example, many organizations use robots for surgery, and chatbots get
used for customer service. The adoption of AI systems has reduced human errors
in production, resulted in digital assistance, is suitable for new inventions,
and helps in unbiased decision-making. However, AI is also associated with
increased unemployment, eroding humans’ decision-making power, demeaning
creativity, and the high cost of adoption. AI system is the future of society,
but there is a need to align every system component to accommodate human
involvement. If the harms posed by the AI system can be averted, society should
embrace its full adoption to enjoy its benefits. Therefore, the AI system is
beneficial to society, but it has some harm to human lives that can get
eliminated.
References
Agrawal,
A., Gans, J. S., & Goldfarb, A. (2019). Artificial intelligence: the
ambiguous labor market impact of automating prediction. Journal of Economic
Perspectives, 33(2), 31-50.
Bhbosale,
S., Pujari, V., & Multani, Z. (2020). Advantages And Disadvantages Of
Artificial Intellegence. Aayushi International Interdisciplinary Research
Journal, 227-230
Duan,
Y., Edwards, J. S., & Dwivedi, Y. K. (2019). Artificial intelligence for
decision making in the era of Big Data–evolution, challenges and research
agenda. International Journal of Information Management, 48, 63-71.
Khanzode,
K. C. A., & Sarode, R. D. (2020). Advantages and Disadvantages of
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning: A Literature Review. International
Journal of Library & Information Science (IJLIS), 9(1), 3.
Panch,
T., Szolovits, P., & Atun, R. (2018). Artificial intelligence, machine
learning and health systems. Journal of global health, 8(2).
Thiebes,
S., Lins, S., & Sunyaev, A. (2021). Trustworthy artificial intelligence. Electronic
Markets, 31(2), 447-464.
Vinuesa,
R., Azizpour, H., Leite, I., Balaam, M., Dignum, V., Domisch, S., ... &
Fuso Nerini, F. (2020). The role of artificial intelligence in achieving the
Sustainable Development Goals. Nature communications, 11(1), 1-10.
Von
Krogh, G. (2018). Artificial intelligence in organizations: New opportunities
for phenomenon-based theorizing. Academy of Management Discoveries.




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