Living conditions
Question
** Answer these questions & research 600-900 words***
Analyze causes of the riots and suggest how correctional facilities can prevent them.
Was overcrowding a factor in these riots? Identify methods for controlling prison overcrowding.
Were the special needs population a contributor to the riots? Discuss the safety and security needs of special prison populations.
Assess the overall effectiveness of the correctional approach in each case.


Solution
Living conditions
Analyze causes of the riots and suggest how
correctional facilities can prevent them.
The main cause of prison riots is the
living conditions within the facility. Overcrowding, poor sanitation, and
inadequate food and medical care are all major contributors to unrest among
inmates. Correctional facilities can prevent riots by ensuring that prisoners
have adequate living conditions. This includes providing enough space for each
inmate, keeping the facilities clean, and providing nutritious meals and access
to medical care. By improving the living conditions within prisons,
correctional facilities can help prevent riots and maintain order. For example,
after the 1992 riots at the New York State Correctional Facility at Attica, the
state implemented a series of reforms aimed at improving conditions for inmates
(Rubin, 2019). These reforms included increasing the amount of space per
inmate, providing more recreational and educational opportunities, and
improving food quality. As a result of these changes, Attica has not
experienced any major riots since 1992.
Was overcrowding a factor in these riots? Identify
methods for controlling prison overcrowding.
Overcrowding is often a major factor
in prison riots. When inmates are crammed into small spaces with inadequate
resources, it can lead to frustration and anger. To control prison
overcrowding, correctional facilities can release low-risk inmates, provide
more resources for prisoners, and create programs to reduce recidivism (United
Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, 2013). By reducing overcrowding, prisons can
help prevent riots and improve conditions for inmates. For example, the
California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation has implemented a
series of reforms aimed at reducing overcrowding in prisons (Respaut, n.d). These reforms include an early
release for low-risk inmates, construction of new prisons, and expansion of
rehabilitative programs. As a result of these changes, the state’s prison
population has decreased by more than 25,000 inmates since 2006. Another method
of controlling prison overcrowding is to build more prisons. This helps to
relieve pressure on existing facilities and provides more space for inmates.
However, this approach is not without its critics, who argue that it does
nothing to address the underlying causes of crime and simply creates more
places for people to be incarcerated.
Were the special needs population a contributor to the
riots? Discuss the safety and security needs of special prison populations.
The special needs population can be a
major contributor to prison riots (Adams, 2016). Inmates with mental illness,
developmental disabilities, and physical disabilities are often targeted by
other inmates and can face abuse and neglect. Also, these inmates may not have
access to the resources they need to stay safe and secure. To ensure the safety of special needs
populations, correctional facilities can provide segregated housing, create
support programs, and train staff in de-escalation techniques. By meeting the
needs of special needs inmates, prisons can help reduce the risk of riots and
create a more safe and secure environment. Further, the security needs of
special needs populations should be considered when designing and constructing
new prisons. For example, when the California Department of Corrections and
Rehabilitation built a new prison in 2016, it included features such as
segregated housing for inmates with mental illness and an on-site medical
clinic (Howle, 2019). These features help meet the needs of special needs
inmates and make the prison more secure.
Assess the overall effectiveness of the correctional
approach in each case.
The correctional approach in each
case was largely effective in preventing prison riots. By ensuring that inmates
had adequate living conditions, providing resources to reduce overcrowding, and
meeting the needs of special needs populations, prisons were able to prevent
unrest and maintain order. Research has shown that when prisons are
overcrowded, filthy, and lack resources, it can lead to riots (Adams, 2016).
Thus, by improving conditions within prisons, correctional facilities can help
prevent riots and create a more safe and secure environment. However, there are
always ways to improve the effectiveness of the correctional approach. For
example, prisons could provide more resources for inmates with mental health
needs, create more programs to reduce recidivism, and increase the number of
staff trained in de-escalation techniques. By continuing to improve the
correctional approach, prisons can further reduce the risk of riots and create
a safer and more secure environment for all inmates.
Reference
Rubin, A. T. (2019). Heather Ann Thompson,
Blood in the Water: The Attica Prison Uprising of 1971 and Its Legacy. Punishment
& Society, 21(1), 131-137.
Adams,
R. (2016). Prison Riots in Britain and the USA. Springer.
Howle,
E. M. (2019). California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation. COMMITMENT.
Respaut,
R. (n.d). Reuters. Retrieved from California prison reforms have
reduced inmate numbers, not costs:
https://www.reuters.com/article/us-california-prison-budget-insight-idUSKBN0UK0J520160106
United
Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (2013). Handbook on strategies to reduce
overcrowding in prisons.




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